Background
- Pure squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) of the genitourinary (GU) tract are less responsive to chemotherapy with limited therapeutic options for systemic disease
- SCCs account for 2-8% of bladder cancer cases and treatment mirrors urothelial carcinoma despite significantly lower responses
- There are 8 FDA-approved histology-agnostic treatments based on biomarker profiling: dostarlimab (dMMR/MSI-H), pembrolizumab (dMMR/MSI-H; TMB-H), larotrectinib (NTRK fusion), entrectinib (NTRK fusion), selpercatinib (RET fusion), trastuzumab deruxtecan (HER2 positive), and dabrafenib plus trametinib (BRAF V600E mutation)
- Data are limited on gene alterations associated with SCC of the GU tract. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of biomarkers in pure SCCs of the GU tract.